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An electric stove or electric range is a stove that converts electrical energy into heat to cook and bake. Electric stoves became popular as replacements for solid-fuel (wood or coal) stoves which required more labor to operate and maintain. Some modern stoves come in a unit with built-in extractor hoods. Electric stove "burners" may be controlled by a rotary switch with a finite number of positions (for example, six), each of which engages a different combination of resistances and hence a different heating power, or may have an "infinite switch" called a simmerstat. Some may have a thermostat.〔http://www.walmart.com/ip/GE-Dual-Burner-Hot-Plate/12442588〕 == History == On September 20, 1859, George B. Simpson was awarded US patent #25532 for an 'electro-heater' surface heated by a platinum-wire coil powered by batteries. In his words, useful to "warm rooms, boil water, cook victuals...". Canadian inventor Thomas Ahearn filed patent number no. 39916 in 1892 for an "Electric Oven," a device he probably employed in preparing a meal for an Ottawa hotel that year. Ahearn and Warren Y. Soper were owners of Ottawa's Chaudiere Electric Light and Power Company.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Early Electric Cooking: 1900 to 1920 )〕 The electric stove was showcased at the Chicago World's Fair in 1893, where an electrified model kitchen was shown. Unlike the gas stove, the electrical stove was slow to catch on, partly due to the unfamiliar technology, and the need for cities and towns to be electrified. By the 1930s, the technology had matured and the electrical stove slowly began to replace the gas stove, especially in household kitchens. In 1897, William Hadaway was granted US patent # 574537 for an "Automatically Controlled Electric Oven". Early electric stoves were unsatisfactory due to the cost of electricity (compared with wood, coal, or city gas), limited power available from the electrical supply company, poor temperature regulation, and short life of heating elements. The invention of nichrome alloy for resistance wires improved the cost and durability of heating elements.〔Ed Sobey, ''The Way Kitchens Work'', Chicago Review Press, 2010 ISBN 1569762813, page viii〕 In the United States, even though three companies had introduced electric stoves in 1908, penetration was rare; an electric stove was still considered a novelty in the 1920s. By the 1930s, decreased cost of electric power and modernized styling of electric stoves had greatly increased their acceptance.〔Andrew F. Smith (ed.) ''The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink'',Oxford University Press, 2007 ISBN 0195307968 p.564〕 Electric stoves and other household appliances were marketed by electrical utilities to build demand for electric power. During the expansion of rural electrification, demonstrations of cooking on an electric stove were popular.〔Howard Hampton ''Public Power: Energy Production in the 21st Century'' Insomniac Press, 2003 ISBN 1894663446 pages 59-61〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Electric stove」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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